Attempt this previous-year question. The correct option stays hidden until you choose.
Which of the following factors contributed to the formation of the Forward Bloc by Subhas Chandra Bose in 1939 ?
1. Bose failed to win the confidence of Mahatma Gandhi.
2. The Congress Left was disunited and failed to support Bose.
3. The Communists did not support Bose in his endeavours.
4. The supporters of M.N. Roy and socialist leaders like Jayaprakash Narayan preferred Congress unity to supporting Bose.
Select the answer using the code given below :
Pick an option to check yourself.
Approach: *Analyze the political dynamics of the 1939 Tripuri crisis to understand how the rift with Mahatma Gandhi and the lack of solidarity from other Left factions forced Subhas Chandra Bose to form the Forward Bloc.*
- **Correct Answer:** (b) 1, 2 and 4
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- **Statement 1 is correct:** After Bose won the 1939 presidential election against Pattabhi Sitaramayya, Mahatma Gandhi declared it a personal defeat. The subsequent non-cooperation and lack of confidence from Gandhi and the right-wing leadership directly led to Bose's resignation in April 1939.
- **Statement 2 is correct:** The Left wing within the Congress was deeply fragmented among various groups (Socialists, Communists, Royists). This **internal disunity** prevented them from acting as a cohesive group to safeguard Bose's presidency.
- **Statement 4 is correct:** Prominent socialist leaders like **Jayaprakash Narayan** (leading the Congress Socialist Party) and **M.N. Roy** strongly believed that maintaining national unity under Gandhi's leadership was vital with World War II looming. Consequently, the CSP chose to remain neutral during the critical *Pant Resolution* vote, leaving Bose politically isolated.
- **Why Statement 3 is incorrect:** The Communists (CPI) did not completely oppose Bose from the start; they actively voted for and supported his presidential candidacy. Their differences emerged later over specific tactical methods, making statement 3 historically inaccurate as a blanket contributing factor.
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