Attempt this previous-year question. The correct option stays hidden until you choose.
With respect to the Western Hoolock Gibbons, which of the following statements is/are correct ?
1. A Sanctuary in North-east India is home to this ape species listed as Endangered in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List.
2. They have specialized brachiation and can easily swing between trees.
3. They possess a strong and heavy build like gorillas, yet are remarkably agile tree climbers.
Select the answer using the code given below :
Pick an option to check yourself.
Approach: *Differentiate the specialized arboreal adaptations and conservation status of India's only ape species from terrestrial great apes like gorillas.*
- **Correct Answer:** (b) 1 and 2
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- **Statement 1 is correct:** The Western Hoolock Gibbon (*Hoolock hoolock*) is the only ape species found in India, specifically native to the forest canopies of Northeast India. It is officially listed as **Endangered** on the IUCN Red List, and the *Hollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary* in Jorhat, Assam, is a premier protected area explicitly dedicated to its conservation.
- **Statement 2 is correct:** Gibbons are renowned as the supreme master brachiators of the animal kingdom. **Brachiation** is a highly specialized form of arboreal locomotion where they use their exceptionally elongated arms and flexible hand structures to swing swiftly from branch to branch through the upper canopy.
- **Why Statement 3 is incorrect:** Gibbons are classified as *lesser apes* and possess a **slender, small, and lightweight build** (weighing only about 6–9 kg), which is an essential evolutionary adaptation for their aerial agility. They do not possess a massive, heavy-set body like gorillas, which are *great apes* built for a primarily ground-dwelling lifestyle.
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