Which of the following statements about a Zero First Information Report (Zero FIR) under…

Approach: Analyze the legal provisions of the BNSS 2023 regarding FIR registration, focusing on jurisdictional flexibility, preliminary enquiry protocols, and the mode of reporting.

- **Correct Answer:** (d) 2 only

- **Statement 1 is incorrect:** While a Zero FIR allows registration of a case outside the territorial jurisdiction, it is strictly applicable only to **cognizable offences**. Including 'non-cognizable' offences makes this statement legally inaccurate.
- **Statement 2 is correct:** Under Section 173 of the BNSS, the Officer-in-Charge may, with the permission of an officer not below the rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police, conduct a preliminary enquiry to ascertain whether there exists a prima facie case for registration of an FIR, specifically in cases where the offence is punishable with 3 to 7 years imprisonment.
- **Statement 3 is incorrect:** The BNSS allows for the electronic filing of information (e-FIR), but it is **not obligatory**. An informant retains the right to report information orally or in writing at the police station.

*Key takeaway:* Zero FIR is a procedural mechanism to ensure that the registration of a cognizable offence is not delayed due to jurisdictional technicalities.