Attempt this previous-year question. The correct option stays hidden until you choose.
Consider the following statements :
1. Pali texts contain the first definite references to coins, e.g., kahapana, nikkha, kamsa, and kakanika.
2. The literary evidence from Pali texts is corroborated by archaeological evidence of punch-marked coins from many sites, most of them made of silver.
The above statements have been associated with which of the following ?
1. Emergence of urban life
2. Transition to money economy
Select the answer using the code given below :
Pick an option to check yourself.
Approach: *Connect the textual and archaeological evidence of early Indian coinage to the socio-economic transformations—specifically urbanization and monetization—during the 6th century BCE.*
- **Correct Answer:** (c) Both 1 and 2
- The appearance of coins (*kahapana*, *nikkha*) in the 6th century BCE (Age of Buddha) directly corresponds to the **Second Urbanization** in ancient India, marking the *emergence of prominent urban life* and cities like Varanasi, Shravasti, and Rajagriha.
- The use of silver **punch-marked coins** facilitated long-distance trade and revenue collection, signifying a major *transition to a money economy* away from the traditional Vedic barter system.
- Both phenomena were deeply interconnected: the growth of complex urban centers required a standardized currency system, which in turn accelerated trade and commercialization.
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