Attempt this previous-year question. The correct option stays hidden until you choose.
Consider the following statements about Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) :
1. MPI is calculated using Alkire-Foster methodology.
2. MPI calculated by NITI Aayog has a total of twelve indicators.
3. Maternal Health and Bank Account are common indicators in the MPI of NITI Aayog and MPI of United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
Pick an option to check yourself.
Approach: Analyze the methodology and indicator composition of the Global MPI (UNDP/OPHI) versus the National MPI (NITI Aayog) to identify specific differences in scope.
- **Correct Answer:** (a) 1 and 2 only
- **Statement 1 is correct:** The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) globally and in India is computed using the **Alkire-Foster (AF) methodology**, which identifies poverty by counting the number of deprivations each person experiences.
- **Statement 2 is correct:** The NITI Aayog’s National MPI is based on three dimensions (Health, Education, and Standard of Living) comprising **12 indicators**. It includes the 10 global indicators plus two additional ones: *Maternal Health* and *Bank Accounts* (under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana).
- **Statement 3 is incorrect:** While *Maternal Health* and *Bank Account* are indicators in the NITI Aayog’s National MPI, they are **not** part of the Global MPI published by the UNDP and OPHI. The Global MPI uses 10 indicators across three dimensions; the two mentioned are specific to India's national context to capture local development priorities.
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