MAINS · GS PAPER II

GS Paper II: 265 previous-year questions.

Filter by year or search the full question text. Each page is indexed for web and AI search.

Questions

Question text first.

265 shown

Indian Polity 2025 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the 'corrupt practices' for the purpose of the Representation of the People Act, 1951. Analyze whether the increase in the assets of the legislators and/or their associate…

Open →
International Relations 2025 10 marks 150 words

"With the waning of globalization, post-Cold War world is becoming a site of sovereign nationalism." Elucidate.

Open →
Indian Polity 2025 15 marks 250 words

"Constitutional morality is the fulcrum which acts as an essential check upon the high functionaries and citizens alike…"

Open →
Indian Polity 2025 15 marks 250 words

Indian Constitution has conferred the amending power on the ordinary legislative institutions with a few procedural hurdles. In view of this statement, examine the procedural and…

Open →
Indian Polity 2025 15 marks 250 words

Discuss the evolution of collegium system in India. Critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the system of appointment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India an…

Open →
Indian Polity 2025 15 marks 250 words

Examine the evolving pattern of Centre-State financial relations in the context of planned development in India. How far have the recent reforms impacted the fiscal federalism in…

Open →
Social Justice 2025 15 marks 250 words

What are environmental pressure groups? Discuss their role in raising awareness, influencing policies and advocating for environmental protection in India.

Open →
Social Justice 2025 15 marks 250 words

Inequality in the ownership pattern of resources is one of the major causes of poverty. Discuss in the context of 'paradox of poverty'.

Open →
Governance 2025 15 marks 250 words

"In contemporary development models, decision-making and problem-solving responsibilities are not located close to the source of information and execution defeating the objectives…

Open →
Social Justice 2025 15 marks 250 words

The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights has to address the challenges faced by children in the digital era. Examine the existing policies and suggest measures the C…

Open →
International Relations 2025 15 marks 250 words

"Energy security constitutes the dominant kingpin of India's foreign policy, and is linked with India's overarching influence in Middle Eastern countries." How would you integrate…

Open →
Indian Polity 2025 10 marks 150 words

Comment on the need of administrative tribunals as compared to the court system. Assess the impact of the recent tribunal reforms through rationalization of tribunals made in 2021.

Open →
International Relations 2025 15 marks 250 words

"The reform process in the United Nations remains unresolved, because of the delicate imbalance of East and West and entanglement of the USA vs. Russo-Chinese alliance." Examine a…

Open →
Indian Polity 2025 10 marks 150 words

Compare and contrast the President's power to pardon in India and in the USA. Are there any limits to it in both the countries? What are 'preemptive pardons'?

Open →
Indian Polity 2025 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the nature of Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly after the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019. Briefly describe the powers and functions of the Assembly of the…

Open →
Indian Polity 2025 10 marks 150 words

"The Attorney General of India plays a crucial role in guiding the legal framework of the Union Government and ensuring sound governance through legal counsel." Discuss his respon…

Open →
Social Justice 2025 10 marks 150 words

Women's social capital complements in advancing empowerment and gender equity. Explain.

Open →
Governance 2025 10 marks 150 words

E-governance projects have a built-in bias towards technology and back-end integration than user-centric designs. Examine.

Open →
Governance 2025 10 marks 150 words

Civil Society Organizations are often perceived as being anti-State actors than non-State actors. Do you agree? Justify.

Open →
International Relations 2025 10 marks 150 words

India-Africa digital partnership is achieving mutual respect, co-development and long-term institutional partnerships. Elaborate.

Open →
Indian Polity 2024 10 marks 150 words

Examine the need for electoral reforms as suggested by various committees with particular reference to "one nation - one election" principle.

Open →
International Relations 2024 10 marks 150 words

Critically analyse India's evolving diplomatic, economic and strategic relations with the Central Asian Republics (CARs) highlighting their increasing significance in regional and…

Open →
Social Justice 2024 15 marks 250 words

What are the aims and objects of recently passed and enforced, The Public Examination (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024? Whether University/State Education Board examinations…

Open →
Indian Polity 2024 15 marks 250 words

Right to privacy is intrinsic to life and personal liberty and is inherently protected under Article 21 of the constitution. Explain. In this reference discuss the law relating to…

Open →
Indian Polity 2024 15 marks 250 words

What changes has the Union Government recently introduced in the domain of Centre-Stare relations? Suggest measures to be adopted to build the trust between the Centre and the Sta…

Open →
Indian Polity 2024 15 marks 250 words

Explain the reasons for the growth of public interest litigation in India. As a result of it, has the Indian Supreme Court emerged as the world's most powerful judiciary ?

Open →
Indian Polity 2024 15 marks 250 words

Discuss India as a secular state and compare with the secular principles of the US constitution.

Open →
Governance 2024 15 marks 250 words

The Citizens' charter has been a landmark initiative in ensuring citizen-centric administration. But it is yet to reach its full potential. Identify the factors hindering the real…

Open →
Social Justice 2024 15 marks 250 words

In a crucial domain like the public healthcare system the Indian State should play a vital role to contain the adverse impact of marketisation of the system. Suggest some measures…

Open →
Governance 2024 15 marks 250 words

e-governance is not just about the routine application of digital technology in service delivery process. It is as much about multifarious interactions for ensuring transparency a…

Open →
International Relations 2024 15 marks 250 words

'Terrorism has become a significant threat to global peace and security.' Evaluate the effectiveness of the United Nations Security Council's Counter Terrorism Committee (CTC and…

Open →
Indian Polity 2024 10 marks 150 words

Explain and distinguish between Lok Adalats And Arbitration Tribunals. Whether they entertain civil as well as criminal cases?

Open →
International Relations 2024 15 marks 250 words

Discuss the geopolitical and geostrategic importance of Maldives for India with a focus on global trade and/energy flows. Further also discuss how this relationship affects India'…

Open →
Indian Polity 2024 10 marks 150 words

"The growth of cabinet system has practically resulted in the marginalisation of the parliamentary supremacy:" Elucidate.

Open →
Indian Polity 2024 10 marks 150 words

"The duty of the Comptroller and Auditor General is not merely to ensure the legality of expenditure but also its propriety." Comment.

Open →
Indian Polity 2024 10 marks 150 words

Analyse the role of local bodies in providing good governance at local level and bring out the pros and cons merging the rural local bodies with the urban local bodies.

Open →
Social Justice 2024 10 marks 150 words

Public charitable trusts have the potential to make India's development more inclusive as they relate to certain vital public issues. Comment.

Open →
Indian Economy 2024 10 marks 150 words

Poverty and malnutrition create a vicious cycle, adversely affecting human capital formation. What steps can be taken to break the cycle?

Open →
Governance 2024 10 marks 150 words

The Doctrine of Democratic Governance makes it necessary that the public perception of the integrity and commitment of civil servants becomes absolutely positive. Discuss.

Open →
International Relations 2024 10 marks 150 words

'The West is fostering India as an alternative to reduce dependence on China's supply chain and as a strategically to counter China's political and economic dominance." Explain th…

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 10 marks 150 words

"Constitutionally guaranteed judicial independence is a prerequisite of democracy". Comment.

Open →
International Relations 2023 10 marks 150 words

Indian diaspora has scaled new heights in the West. Describe its economic and political benefits for India.

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 15 marks 250 words

" The Construction of India is a living instrument with capabilities of enormous dynamism. It is a constitution made for a progressive society". Illustrate with special reference…

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 15 marks 250 words

Explain the constitutional perspectives of Gender Justice with the help of relevant Constitutional Provisions and case laws.

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 15 marks 250 words

Account for the legal and political factors responsible for the reduced frequency of using Article 356 by the Union Governments since mid 1990s.

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 15 marks 250 words

Discuss the contribution of civil society groups for women's effective and meaningful participation and representation in state legislatures in India.

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 15 marks 250 words

Explain the significance of the 101st Constitutional Amendment Act. To what extent does it reflect the accommodative spirit of federalism?

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 15 marks 250 words

Explain the structure of the Parliamentary Committee system. How far have the financial committees helped in the institutionalization of Indian Parliament?

Open →
Social Justice 2023 15 marks 250 words

"Development and welfare schemes for the vulnerable, by its nature, are discriminatory in approach." Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.

Open →
Indian Economy 2023 15 marks 250 words

Skill development programs have succeed in increasing human resources supply to various sectors. In the context of the statement analyze the linkages between education, skill and…

Open →
International Relations 2023 15 marks 250 words

'The expansion and strengthening of NATO and a stronger US-Europe strategic partnership works well in India.' What is your opinion about this statement? Give reasons and examples…

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 10 marks 150 words

Who are entitled to receive free legal aid? Assess the role of the National Legal Services Authority(NALSA) in rendering free legal aid in India.

Open →
International Relations 2023 15 marks 250 words

'Sea is an important Component of the Cosmos'. Discuss in the light of the above statement the role of the IMO(International Maritime Organisation) in protecting environment and e…

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 10 marks 150 words

"The states in India seem reluctant to empower urban local bodies both functionally as well as financially." Comment.

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 10 marks 150 words

Compare and contrast the British and Indian approaches to Parliamentary sovereignty.

Open →
Indian Polity 2023 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the role of Presiding Officers of state legislatures in maintaining order and impartiality in conducting legislative work and in facilitating best democratic practices.

Open →
Indian Economy 2023 10 marks 150 words

The crucial aspect of development process has been the inadequate attention paid to Human Resource Development in India. Suggest measures that can address this adequacy.

Open →
Indian Economy 2023 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the role of the Competition Commission of India in containing the abuse of dominant position by the Multi-National Corporations in India. Refer to the recent decisions.

Open →
Governance 2023 10 marks 150 words

e-governance, as a critical tool of governance, has ushered in effectiveness, transparency and accountability in governments. What inadequacies hamper the enhancement of these fea…

Open →
International Relations 2023 10 marks 150 words

'Virus of Conflict is affecting the functioning of the SCO'. In the light of the above statement point out the role of India in mitigating problems.

Open →
Indian Polity 2022 10 marks 150 words

"The most significant achievement of modern law in India is the constitutionalization of environmental problems by the Supreme Court." Discuss this statement with the help of rele…

Open →
International Relations 2022 10 marks 150 words

Do you think that BIMSTEC is a parallel organisation like the SAARC ? What are the similarities and dissimilarities between the two ? How are Indian foreign policy objectives real…

Open →
Indian Polity 2022 15 marks 250 words

Discuss the procedures to decide the disputes arising out of the election of a Member of the Parliament or State Legislature under The Representation of the People Act, 1951. What…

Open →
Indian Polity 2022 15 marks 250 words

Discuss the essential conditions for exercise of the legislative powers by ne Governor. Discuss the legality of re-promulgation of ordinances by the Governor without placing them…

Open →
Indian Polity 2022 15 marks 250 words

While the national political parties in India favour centralisation, the regional parties are in favour of State autonomy." Comment.

Open →
Indian Polity 2022 15 marks 250 words

Critically examine the procedures through which the Presidents of India and France are elected of

Open →
Indian Polity 2022 15 marks 250 words

Discuss the role of the Election Commission of India in the light of the evolution of the Model Code of Conduct.

Open →
Indian Economy 2022 15 marks 250 words

Besides the welfare schemes, India needs deft management of inflation and unemployment to serve the poor and the underprivileged sections of the society. Discuss.

Open →
Social Justice 2022 15 marks 250 words

Do you agree with the view that increasing dependence on donor agencies for development reduces the importance of community participation in the development process ? Justify your…

Open →
Social Justice 2022 15 marks 250 words

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 remains inadequate in promoting incentive-based system for children's education without generating awareness about…

Open →
International Relations 2022 15 marks 250 words

How will 12U2 (India, Israel, UAE and USA) grouping transform India's position in global politics?

Open →
Indian Polity 2022 10 marks 150 words

"Right of movement and residence throughout the territory of India are freely available to the Indian citizens, but these rights are not absolute. " Comment.

Open →
Environment 2022 15 marks 250 words

Clean energy is the order of the day.' Describe briefly India's changing policy towards climate change in various international fora in the context of geopolitics.

Open →
Governance 2022 10 marks 150 words

To what extent, in your opinion, as the decentralisation of power in India changed the governance landscape at the grassroots?

Open →
Indian Polity 2022 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the role of the Vice -Presidents of India as the chairman of the Rajyasabha

Open →
Indian Polity 2022 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the role of the National Commission for Backward Classes in the wake of its transformation from a statutory body to a constitutional body.

Open →
Indian Economy 2022 10 marks 150 words

The Gati-Shakti Yojana needs meticulous coordination between the government and the private sector to achieve the goal of connectivity. Discuss.

Open →
Social Justice 2022 10 marks 150 words

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 remains only a legal document without intense sensitisation of government functionaries and citizens regarding disability. Commen…

Open →
Governance 2022 10 marks 150 words

Reforming the government delivery system through the Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme is a progressive step, but it has its limitations too. Comment.

Open →
International Relations 2022 10 marks 150 words

India is an age-old friend of Sri Lanka.' Discuss India's role in the recent crisis in Sri Lanka in the light of the preceding statement.

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 10 marks 150 words

'Constitutional Morality' is rooted in the Constitution itself and is founded on its essential facets. Explain the doctrine of 'Constitutional Morality' with the help of relevant…

Open →
International Relations 2021 10 marks 150 words

"The USA is facing an existential threat in the form of a China, that is much more challenging than the erstwhile Soviet Union." Explain.

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 15 marks 250 words

The jurisdiction of the Central Bureau of Investigation(CBI) regarding lodging an FIR and conducting probe within a particular state is being questioned by various States. However…

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 15 marks 250 words

Though the Human Rights Commissions have contributed immensely to the protection of human rights in India, yet they have failed to assert themselves against the mighty and powerfu…

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 15 marks 250 words

Analyze the distinguishing features of the notion of Equality in the Constitutions of the USA and India.

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 15 marks 250 words

Explain the constitutional provisions under which Legislative Councils are established. Review the working and current status of Legislative Councils with suitable illustrations.

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 15 marks 250 words

Do Department -related Parliamentary Standing Committees keep the administration on its toes and inspire reverence for parliamentary control? Evaluate the working of such committe…

Open →
Governance 2021 15 marks 250 words

Has digital illiteracy, particularly in rural areas, couple with lack of Information and Communication Technology(ICT) accessibility hindered socio-economic development? Examine w…

Open →
Social Justice 2021 15 marks 250 words

"Though women in post-Independent India have excelled in various fields, the social attitude towards women and feminist movement has been patriarchal." Apart from women education…

Open →
Governance 2021 15 marks 250 words

Can Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organizations present an alternative model of public service delivery to benefit the common citizen. Discuss the challenges of this alternat…

Open →
International Relations 2021 15 marks 250 words

Critically examine the aims and objectives of SCO. what importance does it hold for India.

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the desirability of greater representation to women in the higher judiciary to ensure diversity, equity and inclusiveness.

Open →
International Relations 2021 15 marks 250 words

The newly tri-nation partnership AUKUS is aimed at countering China's ambitions in the Indo-Pacific region. Is it going to supersede the existing partnerships in the region? Discu…

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 10 marks 150 words

How have the recommendations of the 14th Finance Commission of India enabled the states to improve their fiscal position?

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 10 marks 150 words

To what extent, in your view, the Parliament is able to ensure accountability of the executive in India?

Open →
Indian Polity 2021 10 marks 150 words

"Pressure groups play a vital role in influencing public policy making in India." Explain how the business associations contribute to public policies.

Open →
Social Justice 2021 10 marks 150 words

"Besides being a moral imperative of Welfare State, primary health structure is a necessary pre-condition for sustainable development." Analyze.

Open →
Indian Economy 2021 10 marks 150 words

"'Earn while you learn' scheme needs to be strengthened to make vocational education and skill training meaningful." Comment.

Open →
Social Justice 2021 10 marks 150 words

Can the vicious cycle of gender inequality, poverty and malnutrition be broken through microfinancing of women SHGs? Explain with examples.

Open →
International Relations 2021 10 marks 150 words

"If the last few decades were of Asia's growth story, the next few are expected to be of Africa's." In the light of this statement, examine India's influence in Africa in recent y…

Open →
Indian Polity 2020 10 marks 150 words

"There is a need for simplification of procedure for disqualification of persons found guilty of corrupt practices under the Representation of peoples Act" Comment

Open →
International Relations 2020 10 marks 150 words

'Indian diaspora has a decisive role to play in the politics and economy of America and European Countries'. Comment with examples.

Open →
Indian Polity 2020 15 marks 250 words

Indian constitution exhibits centralising tendencies to maintain unity and integrity of the nation. Elucidate in the perspective of the Epidemic Diseases Act, 1897; The Disaster M…

Open →
Indian Polity 2020 15 marks 250 words

Judicial Legislation is antithetical to the doctrine of separation of powers as envisaged in the Indian Constitution. In this context justify the filing of large number of public…

Open →
Governance 2020 15 marks 250 words

The strength sustenance of local institutions in India has shifted from their formative phase of 'Functions, Functionaries and Funs' to the contemporary stage of 'Functionality'.…

Open →
Indian Polity 2020 15 marks 250 words

Rajya Sabha has been transformed from a 'useless stepney tyre' to the most useful supporting organ in past few decades. Highlight the factors as well as the areas in which this tr…

Open →
Indian Polity 2020 15 marks 250 words

Which steps are required for constitutionalization of a commission? Do you think imparting constitutionality to the National Commission for Women would ensure greater gender justi…

Open →
Social Justice 2020 15 marks 250 words

"The incidence and intensity of poverty are more important in determining poverty based on income alone". In this context analyze the latest United Nations Multidimensional Povert…

Open →
Social Justice 2020 15 marks 250 words

"Micro-Finance as an anti-poverty vaccine, is aimed at asset creation and income security of the rural poor in India". Evaluate the role of Self-Help Groups in achieving the twin…

Open →
Social Justice 2020 15 marks 250 words

National Education Policy 2020 is in conformity with the Sustainable Development Goal-4 (2030). It intends to restructure and reorient education system in India. Critically examin…

Open →
International Relations 2020 15 marks 250 words

'Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD)' is the transforming itself into a trade bloc from a military alliance, in present times - Discuss.

Open →
Indian Polity 2020 10 marks 150 words

"Recent amendments to the Right to information Act will have profound impact on the autonomy and independence of the Information Commission". Discuss

Open →
International Relations 2020 15 marks 250 words

What is the significance of Indo-US defence deals over Indo-Russian defence deals? Discuss with reference to stability in the Indo-Pacific region.

Open →
Indian Polity 2020 10 marks 150 words

How far do you think cooperation, competition and confrontation have shaped the nature of federation in India? Cite some recent examples to validate your answer

Open →
Indian Polity 2020 10 marks 150 words

The judicial systems in India and UK seem to be converging as well as diverging in the recent times. Highlight the key points of convergence and divergence between the two nations…

Open →
Indian Polity 2020 10 marks 150 words

"Once a speaker, Always a speaker'! Do you think the practice should be adopted to impart objectivity to the office of the Speaker of Lok Sabha? What could be its implications for…

Open →
Social Justice 2020 10 marks 150 words

In order to enhance the prospects of social development, sound and adequate health care policies are needed particularly in the fields of geriatric and maternal health care. Discu…

Open →
Governance 2020 10 marks 150 words

"Institutional quality is a crucial driver of economic performance". In this context suggest reforms in Civil Service for strengthening democracy.

Open →
Governance 2020 10 marks 150 words

"The emergence of Fourth Industrial Revolution (Digital Revolution) has initiated e-Governance as an integral part of government". Discuss.

Open →
International Relations 2020 10 marks 150 words

Critically examine the role of WHO in providing global health security during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 10 marks 150 words

Do you think that constitution of India does not accept principle of strict separation of powers rather it is based on the principle of 'checks and balance'? Explain.

Open →
International Relations 2019 10 marks 150 words

'Too little cash, too much politics, leaves UNESCO fighting for life.' Discuss the statement in the light of US' withdrawal and its accusation of the cultural body as being 'anti-…

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 15 marks 250 words

On what grounds a people's representative can be disqualified under the Representation of People Act, 1951? Also mention the remedies available to such person against his disquali…

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 15 marks 250 words

"Parliament's power to amend the Constitution is a limited power and it cannot be enlarged into absolute power." In the light of this statement explain whether Parliament under Ar…

Open →
Governance 2019 15 marks 250 words

"The reservation of seats for women in the institutions of local self- government has had a limited impact on the patriarchal character of the Indian Political Process." Comment.

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 15 marks 250 words

"The Attorney-General is the chief legal adviser and lawyer of the Government of India." Discuss.

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 15 marks 250 words

Individual Parliamentarian's role as the national lawmaker is on a decline, which in turn, has adversely impacted the quality of debates and their outcome. Discuss.

Open →
Governance 2019 15 marks 250 words

'In the context of neo-liberal paradigm of development planning, multi-level planning is expected to make operations cost effective and remove many implementation blockages.'-Disc…

Open →
Social Justice 2019 15 marks 250 words

The need for cooperation among various service sector has been an inherent component of development discourse. Partnership bridges bring the gap among the sectors. It also sets in…

Open →
Social Justice 2019 15 marks 250 words

Performance of welfare schemes that are implemented for vulnerable sections is not so effective due to absence of their awareness and active involvement at all stages of policy pr…

Open →
International Relations 2019 15 marks 250 words

"The long-sustained image of India as a leader of the oppressed and marginalised Nations has disappeared on account of its new found role in the emerging global order" Elaborate

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 10 marks 150 words

"The Central Administration Tribunal which was established for redressal of grievances and complaints by or against central government employees, nowadays is exercising its powers…

Open →
International Relations 2019 15 marks 250 words

"What introduces friction into the ties between India and the United States is that Washington is still unable to find for India a position in its global strategy, which would sat…

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 10 marks 150 words

What are the methods used by the Farmers organizations to influence the policy- makers in India and how effective are these methods?

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 10 marks 150 words

From the resolution of contentious issues regarding distribution of legislative powers by the courts, 'Principle of Federal Supremacy' and 'Harmonious Construction' have emerged.…

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 10 marks 150 words

What can France learn from the Indian Constitution's approach to secularism?

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 10 marks 150 words

Despite Consistent experience of High growth, India still goes with the lowest indicators of human development. Examine the issues that make balanced and inclusive development elu…

Open →
Social Justice 2019 10 marks 150 words

There is a growing divergence in the relationship between poverty and hunger in India. The shrinking of social expenditure by the government is forcing the poor to spend more on N…

Open →
Indian Polity 2019 10 marks 150 words

Implementation of information and Communication Technology (ICT) based Projects / Programmes usually suffers in terms of certain vital factors. Identify these factors, and suggest…

Open →
International Relations 2019 10 marks 150 words

'The time has come for India and Japan to build a strong contemporary relationship, one involving global and strategic partnership that will have a great significance for Asia and…

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 10 marks 150 words

In the light of recent controversy regarding the use of Electronic Voting Machines (EVM), what are the challenges before the Election Commission of India to ensure the trustworthi…

Open →
International Relations 2018 10 marks 150 words

A number of outside powers have entrenched themselves in Central Asia, which is a zone of interest to India. Discuss the implications, in this context, of India's joining the Ashg…

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 15 marks 250 words

Whether the Supreme Court Judgement (July 2018) can settle the political tussle between the Lt. Governor and elected government of Delhi? Examine.

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 15 marks 250 words

How far do you agree with the view that tribunals curtail the jurisdiction of ordinary courts? In view of the above, discuss the constitutional validity and competency of the trib…

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 15 marks 250 words

Indian and USA are two large democracies. Examine the basic tenets on which the two political systems are based.

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 15 marks 250 words

How is the Finance Commission of India constituted? What do you know about the terms of reference of the recently constituted Finance Commission? Discuss.

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 15 marks 250 words

Assess the importance of the Panchayat system in India as a part of local government. Apart from government grants, what sources the Panchayats can look out for financing developm…

Open →
Social Justice 2018 15 marks 250 words

Multiplicity of various commissions for the vulnerable sections of the society leads to problems of overlapping jurisdiction and duplication of functions. Is it better to merge al…

Open →
Social Justice 2018 15 marks 250 words

How far do you agree with the view that the focus on lack of availability of food as the main cause of hunger takes the attention away from ineffective human development policies…

Open →
Governance 2018 15 marks 250 words

The Citizen's Charter is an ideal instrument of organisational transparency and accountability, but it has its own limitations. Identify the limitations and suggest measures for g…

Open →
International Relations 2018 15 marks 250 words

What are the key areas of reform if the WTO has to survive in the present context of 'Trade War', especially keeping in mind the interest of India?

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 10 marks 150 words

Whether National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) can enforce the implementation of constitutional reservation for the Scheduled Castes in the religious minority institution…

Open →
International Relations 2018 15 marks 250 words

In what ways would the ongoing US-Iran Nuclear Pact Controversy affect the national interest of India? How should India respond to its situation?

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 10 marks 150 words

Under what circumstances can the Financial Emergency be proclaimed by the President of India? What consequences follow when such a declaration remains in force?

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 10 marks 150 words

Why do you think the committees are considered to be useful for parliamentary work? Discuss, in this context, the role of the Estimates Committee.

Open →
Indian Polity 2018 10 marks 150 words

"The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) has a very vital role to play." Explain how this is reflected in the method and terms of his appointment as well as the range of powers…

Open →
Environment 2018 10 marks 150 words

"Policy contradictions among various competing sectors and stakeholders have resulted in inadequate 'protection and prevention of degradation to environment." Comment with relevan…

Open →
Social Justice 2018 10 marks 150 words

Appropriate local community level healthcare intervention is a prerequisite to achieve 'Health for All' in India. Explain.

Open →
Governance 2018 10 marks 150 words

E-governance in not only about utilization of the power of new technology, but also much about critical importance of the 'use value' of information. Explain.

Open →
International Relations 2018 10 marks 150 words

"India's relations with Israel have, of late, acquired a depth and diversity, which cannot be rolled back." Discuss.

Open →
Indian Polity 2017 10 marks 150 words

"The local self government system in India has not proved to be effective instrument of governance". Critically examine the statement and give your views to improve the situation.

Open →
International Relations 2017 10 marks 150 words

What are the main functions of the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)? Explain different functional commissions attached to it.

Open →
Indian Polity 2017 15 marks 250 words

Explain the salient features of the constitution(One Hundred and First Amendment) Act, 2016. Do you think it is efficacious enough 'to remove cascading effect of taxes and provide…

Open →
Indian Polity 2017 15 marks 250 words

Examine the scope of Fundamental Rights in the light of the latest judgement of the Supreme Court on Right to Privacy.

Open →
Indian Polity 2017 15 marks 250 words

The Indian Constitution has provisions for holding joint session of the two houses of the Parliament. Enumerate the occasions when this would normally happen and also the occasion…

Open →
Indian Polity 2017 15 marks 250 words

To enhance the quality of democracy in India the Election Commission of India has proposed electoral reforms in 2016. What are the suggested reforms and how far are they significa…

Open →
Social Justice 2017 15 marks 250 words

Is the National Commission for Women able to strategize and tackle the problems that women face at both public and private spheres? Give reasons in support of your answer.

Open →
Governance 2017 15 marks 250 words

'The emergence of Self Help Groups(SHGs) in contemporary times points to the slow but steady withdrawal of the state from developmental activities'. Examine the role of the SHGs i…

Open →
Social Justice 2017 15 marks 250 words

'Poverty Alleviation Programmes in India remain mere show pieces until and unless they are backed by political will'. Discuss with reference to the performance of the major povert…

Open →
Governance 2017 15 marks 250 words

Initially Civil Services in India were designed to achieve the goals of neutrality and effectiveness, which seems to be lacking in the present context. Do you agree with the view…

Open →
International Relations 2017 15 marks 250 words

The question of India's Energy Security constitutes the most important part of India's economic progress. Analyze India's energy policy cooperation with West Asian Countries.

Open →
Indian Polity 2017 10 marks 150 words

Critically examine the Supreme Court's judgement on 'National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014' with reference to appointment of judges of higher judiciary in India.

Open →
International Relations 2017 15 marks 250 words

Indian Diaspora has an important role to play in South-East Asian countries' economy and society. Appraise the role of Indian Diaspora in South- East Asia in this context

Open →
Indian Polity 2017 10 marks 150 words

'Simultaneous election to the Lok Sabha and the State Assemblies will limit the amount of time and money spent in electioneering but it will reduce the government's accountability…

Open →
Indian Polity 2017 10 marks 150 words

How do pressure groups influence Indian political process? Do you agree with this view that informal pressure groups have emerged as powerful than formal pressure groups in recent…

Open →
Indian Polity 2017 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the role of Public Accounts Committee in establishing accountability of the government to the people.

Open →
Governance 2017 10 marks 150 words

'To ensure effective implementation of policies addressing water, sanitation and hygiene needs, the identification of beneficiary segments is to be synchronized with the anticipat…

Open →
Social Justice 2017 10 marks 150 words

Does the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 ensure effective mechanism for empowerment and inclusion of the intended beneficiaries in the society? Discuss

Open →
Social Justice 2017 10 marks 150 words

Hunger and Poverty are the biggest challenges for good governance in India still today. Evaluate how far successive governments have progressed in dealing with these humongous pro…

Open →
International Relations 2017 10 marks 150 words

'China is using its economic relations and positive trade surplus as tools to develop potential military power status in Asia', In the light of this statement, discuss its impact…

Open →
Indian Polity 2016 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the essentials of the 69th Constitutional Amendment Act and anomalies, if any, that have led to recent reported conflicts between the elected representatives and the insti…

Open →
Governance 2016 10 marks 150 words

"In the Indian governance system, the role of non-state actors has been only marginal." Critically examine this statement.

Open →
Governance 2016 15 marks 250 words

"Effectiveness of the government system at various levels and people's participation in the governance system are inter-dependent/" Discuss their relationship in the context of In…

Open →
Governance 2016 15 marks 250 words

In the integrity index of Transparency International, India stands very low. Discuss briefly the legal, political, social and cultural factors that have caused the decline of publ…

Open →
Governance 2016 15 marks 250 words

Has the Indian governmental system responded adequately to the demands of Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization started in 1991? What can the government do to be respons…

Open →
Governance 2016 15 marks 250 words

"Traditional bureaucratic structure and culture have hampered the process of socio-economic development in India." Comment.

Open →
Social Justice 2016 15 marks 250 words

Examine the main provisions of the National Child Policy and throw light on the status of its implementation.

Open →
Indian Economy 2016 15 marks 250 words

"Demographic Dividend in India will remain only theoretical unless our manpower becomes more educated, aware, skilled and creative." What measures have been taken by the governmen…

Open →
International Relations 2016 15 marks 250 words

"The broader aims and objectives of WTO are to manage and promote international trade in the era of globalization. But the Doha round of negotiations seem doomed due to difference…

Open →
International Relations 2016 15 marks 250 words

Evaluate the economic and strategic dimensions of India's Look East Policy in the context of the post Cold War international scenario.

Open →
International Relations 2016 15 marks 250 words

"Increasing cross-border terrorist attacks in India and growing interference in the internal affairs of member-states by Pakistan are not conducive for the future of SAARC (South…

Open →
Indian Polity 2016 10 marks 150 words

To what extent is Article 370 of the Indian Constitution, bearing marginal note "temporary provision with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir", temporary? Discuss the future…

Open →
International Relations 2016 15 marks 250 words

What are the aims and objectives of the McBride Commission of the UNESCO? What is India's position on these?

Open →
Indian Polity 2016 10 marks 150 words

"The Indian party system is passing through a phase of transition which looks to be full of contradictions and paradoxes." Discuss.

Open →
Indian Polity 2016 10 marks 150 words

Exercise of CAG's powers in relation to the accounts of the Union and the States is derived from Article 149 of the Indian Constitution. Discuss whether audit of the Government's…

Open →
Indian Polity 2016 10 marks 150 words

Discuss each adjective attached to the word 'Republic' in the 'Preamble'. Are they defendable in the present circumstances?

Open →
Indian Polity 2016 10 marks 150 words

What was held in the Coelho case? In this context, can you say that judicial review is of key importance amongst the basic features of the Constitution?

Open →
Indian Polity 2016 10 marks 150 words

Did the Government of India Act, 1935 lay down a federal constitution? Discuss.

Open →
Indian Polity 2016 10 marks 150 words

What is quasi judicial body? Explain with the help of concrete examples.

Open →
Social Justice 2016 10 marks 150 words

Professor Amartya Sen has advocated important reforms in the realms of primary education and primary health care. What are your suggestions to improve their status and performance?

Open →
Indian Polity 2015 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the possible factors that inhibit India from enacting for its citizen a uniform civil code as provided for in the Directive Principles of State Policy.

Open →
Environment 2015 10 marks 150 words

How can be the role of NGOs be strengthened in India for development works relating to protection of the Environment? Discuss throwing light on the major constraints.

Open →
Social Justice 2015 15 marks 250 words

The quality of higher education in India requires major improvement to make it internationally competitive. Do you think that the entry of foreign educational institutions would h…

Open →
Social Justice 2015 15 marks 250 words

Public health system has limitation in providing universal health coverage. Do you think that private sector can help in bridging the gap? What other viable alternatives do you su…

Open →
Indian Economy 2015 15 marks 250 words

Though there have been several different estimates of poverty in India, all indicate reduction in poverty over time. Do you agree. Critically examine with reference to urban and r…

Open →
Indian Economy 2015 15 marks 250 words

In the light of Satyam Scandal (2009), discuss the changes brought in the corporate governance to ensure transparency and accountability.

Open →
Indian Polity 2015 15 marks 250 words

If amendment bill to the Whistleblowers Protection Act 2011 tabled in the Parliament is passed, there maybe no on left to protect. Critically Evaluate.

Open →
Governance 2015 15 marks 250 words

For achieving the desired objectives,it is necessary to ensure that the regulatory institutions remain independent and autonomous. Discuss in the light of experiences in recent pa…

Open →
International Relations 2015 15 marks 250 words

Increasing interest of India in Africa has its pro and cons. Critically Examine.

Open →
International Relations 2015 15 marks 250 words

Discuss the impediments India is facing in its pursuit of a permanent seat in UNSC.

Open →
International Relations 2015 15 marks 250 words

Project 'Mausam' is considered a unique foreign policy initiative of Indian government to improve relationship wit its neighbours. Does the project have a strategic dimension? Dis…

Open →
Indian Polity 2015 10 marks 150 words

The concept of cooperative federalism has been increasingly emphasised in recent years. Highlight the drawbacks in the existing structure and extent to which cooperative federalis…

Open →
International Relations 2015 15 marks 250 words

Terrorist activities and mutual distrust have clouded India - Pakistan relations. To what extent the use of soft power like sports and cultural exchange could help generate goodwi…

Open →
Governance 2015 10 marks 150 words

In the absence of well - educated and organised local level government system, Panchayats and Samitis have remained mainly political institutions and not effective instrument of g…

Open →
Indian Polity 2015 10 marks 150 words

Khap panchayats have been in the news for functioning as extra - constitutional authorities, often delivering pronouncements amounting to human right violations. Discuss criticall…

Open →
Indian Polity 2015 10 marks 150 words

Resorting to ordinances has always raised concern on violation of the spirit of separation of power doctrine. While noting the rationales justifying the power to promulgate, analy…

Open →
Indian Polity 2015 10 marks 150 words

What are the major changes brought in the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1966 through the recent ordinance promulgated by the President? How far will it improve India's dispute…

Open →
Indian Polity 2015 10 marks 150 words

Does the right to clean environment entail legal regulation on burning crackers during Diwali? Discus in the light of Article 21 of Indian Constitution and judgements of the apex…

Open →
Governance 2015 10 marks 150 words

Examine critically the recent changes in the rule governing foreign funding of NGOs under the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA), 1976.

Open →
Governance 2015 10 marks 150 words

The Self Help Group (SHG) Bank Linkage Program (SBLP), which is India's own innovation , has proved to be one of the most effective poverty alleviation and women empowerment progr…

Open →
Indian Polity 2014 12 marks 150 words

Starting from inventing the 'basic structure' doctrine, the judiciary has played a highly proactive role in ensuring that India develops into a thriving democracy. In light of the…

Open →
Governance 2014 12 marks 150 words

The penetration of Self Help Groups (SHGs) in rural areas in promoting participation in development programmes is facing socio-cultural hurdles. Examine.

Open →
Social Justice 2014 12 marks 150 words

Do government's schemes for up-lifting vulnerable and backward communities by protecting required social resources for them, lead to their exclusion in establishing businesses in…

Open →
Current Affairs 2014 12 marks 150 words

An athlete participates in Olympics for personal triumph and nation's glory; victors are showered with cash incentives by various agencies, on their return. Discuss the merit of s…

Open →
Social Justice 2014 12 marks 150 words

Should the premier institutes like IITs/IIMs be allowed to retain premier status, allowed more academic independence in designing courses and also decide mode/criteria of selectio…

Open →
Governance 2014 12 marks 150 words

Has the Cadre based Civil Services Organization been the cause of slow in India? Critically examine.

Open →
Governance 2014 12 marks 150 words

Two parallel run schemes of the Government, viz the Adhar card and NPR, one of voluntary and the other as compulsory, have led to debates at national levels and also litigations.…

Open →
International Relations 2014 12 marks 150 words

With respect to the South China sea, maritime territorial disputes and rising tension affaire the need for safeguarding maritime security to ensure freedom of navigation and ever…

Open →
International Relations 2014 12 marks 150 words

The aim of Information Technology Agreements (ITAs) is to lower all taxes and tariffs on Information technology products by signatories to zero. What impact would such agreements…

Open →
International Relations 2014 12 marks 150 words

Some of the International funding agencies have special terms for economic participation stipulating a substantial component of the aid used for sourcing equipment from the leadin…

Open →
International Relations 2014 12 marks 150 words

India has recently signed to become founding member of New Development Bank (NDB) and also the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB). How will the role of the two Banks be d…

Open →
Indian Polity 2014 12 marks 150 words

Though the federal principle is dominant in our Constitution and that priniciple is one of its basic features, but it is equally true that federalism under the Indian Constitution…

Open →
Agriculture & Food Security 2014 12 marks 150 words

WTO is an important international institution where decisions taken affect countries in aprofound manner. What is the mandate of WTO and how binding are their decisions? Criticall…

Open →
Indian Polity 2014 12 marks 150 words

The 'Powers, Privileges and Immunities of Parliament and its Members' as envisaged in Article 105 of the Constitution leave room for a large number of un-codified and un-enumerate…

Open →
Indian Polity 2014 12 marks 150 words

What do understand by the concept "freedom of speech and expression"? Does it cover hate speech also? Why do the films in India stand on a slightly different plane from other form…

Open →
Indian Polity 2014 12 marks 150 words

Instances of President's delay in commuting death sentences has come under public debate as denial of justice. Should there be a time specified for the President to accept/rejects…

Open →
Indian Polity 2014 12 marks 150 words

The size of the cabinet should be as big as governmental work justifies and as big as the Prime Minister can manage as a team. How far is the efficacy of a government then inverse…

Open →
Governance 2014 12 marks 150 words

Though 100 percent FDI is already allowed in non-news media like a trade publication and general entertainment channel, the government is mulling over the proposal for increased F…

Open →
Indian Economy 2014 12 marks 150 words

The setting up of a Rail Tariff Authority to regulate fares will subject the cash strapped Indian Railways to demand subsidy for obligation to operate non-profitable routes and se…

Open →
Indian Polity 2014 12 marks 150 words

National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) in India can be most effective when its tasks are adequately supported by other mechanisms that ensure the accountability of a government.…

Open →
Indian Polity 2013 10 marks 150 words

The role of individual MPs (Members of Parliament) has diminished over the years and as a result healthy constructive debates on policy issues are not usually witnessed. How far c…

Open →
Indian Polity 2013 10 marks 150 words

Pressure group politics is sometimes seen as the informal face of politics. With regards to the above, assess the structure and functioning of pressure groups in India.

Open →
Governance 2013 10 marks 150 words

The legitimacy and accountability of Self Help Groups (SHGs) and their patrons, the micro-finance outfits, need systematic assessment and scrutiny for the sustained success of the…

Open →
Governance 2013 10 marks 150 words

The Central Government frequently complains on the poor performance of the State Governments in eradicating suffering of the vulnerable sections of the society. Restructuring of C…

Open →
Social Justice 2013 10 marks 150 words

Electronic cash transfer system for the welfare schemes is an ambitious project to minimize corruption, eliminate wastage and facilitate reforms. Comment.

Open →
Governance 2013 10 marks 150 words

The basis of providing urban amenities in rural areas (PURA) is rooted in establishing connectivity. Comment.

Open →
Social Justice 2013 10 marks 150 words

Identify the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that are related to health.Discuss the success of the actions taken by the Government for achieving the same.

Open →
Governance 2013 10 marks 150 words

Though Citizen's charters have been formulated by many public service delivery organizations, there is no corresponding improvement in the level of citizens' satisfaction and qual…

Open →
Governance 2013 10 marks 150 words

'A national Lokpal, however strong it may be, cannot resolve the problems of immorality in public affairs'. Discuss.

Open →
International Relations 2013 10 marks 150 words

The proposed withdrawal of International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) from Afghanistan in 2014 is fraught with major security implications for the countries of the region. Exa…

Open →
International Relations 2013 10 marks 150 words

What do you understand by 'The String of Pearls'? How does it impact India? Briefly outline the steps taken by India to counter this.

Open →
Indian Polity 2013 10 marks 150 words

Discuss Section 66A of IT Act, with reference to its alleged violation of Article 19 of the Constitution.

Open →
International Relations 2013 10 marks 150 words

Economic ties between India and Japan while growing in the recent years are still far below their potential. Elucidate the policy constraints which are inhibiting this growth.

Open →
International Relations 2013 10 marks 150 words

The protests in Shahbag Square in Dhaka in Bangladesh reveal a fundamental split in society between the nationalists and Islamic forces. What is its significance for India?

Open →
International Relations 2013 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the political developments in Maldives in the last two years. Should they be of any cause of concern to India?

Open →
International Relations 2013 10 marks 150 words

In respect of India -- Sri Lanka relations, discuss how domestic factors influence foreign policy.

Open →
International Relations 2013 10 marks 150 words

What is meant by Gujral doctrine? Does it have any relevance today? Discuss.

Open →
International Relations 2013 10 marks 150 words

The World Bank and the IMF, collectively known as the Bretton Woods Institutions, are the two inter-governmental pillars supporting the structure of the world's economic and finan…

Open →
Indian Polity 2013 10 marks 150 words

Recent directives from Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas are perceived by the 'Nagas' as a threat to override the exceptional status enjoyed by the State. Discuss in light of…

Open →
Indian Polity 2013 10 marks 150 words

The Supreme Court of India keeps a check on arbitrary power of the Parliament in amending the Constitution. Discuss critically.

Open →
Indian Polity 2013 10 marks 150 words

Many State Governments further bifurcate geographical administrative areas like Districts and Talukas for better governance. In light of the above, can it also be justified that m…

Open →
Indian Polity 2013 10 marks 150 words

Constitutional mechanisms to resolve the inter-state water disputes have failed to address and solve the problems. Is the failure due to structural or process inadequacy or both?…

Open →
Indian Polity 2013 10 marks 150 words

Discuss the recommendations of the 13th Finance Commission which have been a departure from the previous commissions for strengthening the local government finances.

Open →
Indian Economy 2013 10 marks 150 words

The product diversification of financial institutions and insurance companies, resulting in overlapping of products and services strengthens the case for the merger of the two reg…

Open →
Social Justice 2013 10 marks 150 words

The concept of Mid-Day Meal (MDM) scheme is almost a century old in India with early beginnings in Madras Presidency in pre-independent India. The scheme has again been given impe…

Open →

Keep going in GyanGram.

Attempt Prelims MCQs or open Mains questions by paper — then continue the same bank inside the app with visual decks.